Endophthalmitis: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
[[File:Hypopyon_1.jpg|thumb| | | name = Endophthalmitis | ||
| image = [[File:Hypopyon_1.jpg|left|thumb|Hypopyon in a patient with endophthalmitis]] | |||
| caption = Hypopyon in a patient with endophthalmitis | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Eye pain]], [[redness]], [[vision loss]], [[swelling]] | |||
| complications = [[Blindness]], [[loss of the eye]] | |||
| onset = Rapid, usually within a few days of infection | |||
| duration = Can be acute or chronic | |||
| causes = [[Bacterial infection]], [[fungal infection]], [[post-surgical]] | |||
| risks = [[Eye surgery]], [[eye trauma]], [[intravitreal injection]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[vitreous tap]], [[culture]] | |||
| treatment = [[Intravitreal antibiotics]], [[vitrectomy]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on promptness of treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Endophthalmitis''' is a severe inflammation of the interior of the [[eye]], often caused by infection. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent vision loss. | '''Endophthalmitis''' is a severe inflammation of the interior of the [[eye]], often caused by infection. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent vision loss. | ||
=== Etiology === | === Etiology === | ||
Endophthalmitis can be classified into two main types based on the source of infection: | Endophthalmitis can be classified into two main types based on the source of infection: | ||
* '''Exogenous endophthalmitis''': This occurs when infectious agents enter the eye from an external source, such as after [[cataract surgery]], [[intravitreal injection]], or [[trauma]]. | * '''Exogenous endophthalmitis''': This occurs when infectious agents enter the eye from an external source, such as after [[cataract surgery]], [[intravitreal injection]], or [[trauma]]. | ||
* '''Endogenous endophthalmitis''': This occurs when infectious agents spread to the eye from another part of the body through the [[bloodstream]]. | * '''Endogenous endophthalmitis''': This occurs when infectious agents spread to the eye from another part of the body through the [[bloodstream]]. | ||
=== Clinical Features === | === Clinical Features === | ||
Patients with endophthalmitis typically present with: | Patients with endophthalmitis typically present with: | ||
* Severe [[eye pain]] | * Severe [[eye pain]] | ||
* Decreased [[visual acuity]] | * Decreased [[visual acuity]] | ||
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* Swelling of the eyelids | * Swelling of the eyelids | ||
* [[Hypopyon]], which is the accumulation of white blood cells in the anterior chamber of the eye, as shown in the image. | * [[Hypopyon]], which is the accumulation of white blood cells in the anterior chamber of the eye, as shown in the image. | ||
=== Diagnosis === | === Diagnosis === | ||
Diagnosis of endophthalmitis is primarily clinical, supported by: | Diagnosis of endophthalmitis is primarily clinical, supported by: | ||
* [[Ophthalmic examination]] | * [[Ophthalmic examination]] | ||
* [[Ultrasound]] of the eye | * [[Ultrasound]] of the eye | ||
* [[Culture]] and sensitivity testing of intraocular fluids | * [[Culture]] and sensitivity testing of intraocular fluids | ||
=== Treatment === | === Treatment === | ||
The treatment of endophthalmitis involves: | The treatment of endophthalmitis involves: | ||
* Intravitreal injection of [[antibiotics]] | * Intravitreal injection of [[antibiotics]] | ||
* Possible [[vitrectomy]] surgery to remove infected vitreous material | * Possible [[vitrectomy]] surgery to remove infected vitreous material | ||
* Systemic antibiotics in some cases | * Systemic antibiotics in some cases | ||
=== Prognosis === | === Prognosis === | ||
The prognosis for endophthalmitis depends on the severity of the infection and the promptness of treatment. Early intervention is crucial to preserve vision. | The prognosis for endophthalmitis depends on the severity of the infection and the promptness of treatment. Early intervention is crucial to preserve vision. | ||
== See also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Ophthalmology]] | * [[Ophthalmology]] | ||
* [[Infectious diseases]] | * [[Infectious diseases]] | ||
* [[Cataract surgery]] | * [[Cataract surgery]] | ||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:47, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Endophthalmitis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Eye pain, redness, vision loss, swelling |
| Complications | Blindness, loss of the eye |
| Onset | Rapid, usually within a few days of infection |
| Duration | Can be acute or chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Bacterial infection, fungal infection, post-surgical |
| Risks | Eye surgery, eye trauma, intravitreal injection |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, vitreous tap, culture |
| Differential diagnosis | N/A |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Intravitreal antibiotics, vitrectomy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on promptness of treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the interior of the eye, often caused by infection. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent vision loss.
Etiology[edit]
Endophthalmitis can be classified into two main types based on the source of infection:
- Exogenous endophthalmitis: This occurs when infectious agents enter the eye from an external source, such as after cataract surgery, intravitreal injection, or trauma.
- Endogenous endophthalmitis: This occurs when infectious agents spread to the eye from another part of the body through the bloodstream.
Clinical Features[edit]
Patients with endophthalmitis typically present with:
- Severe eye pain
- Decreased visual acuity
- Redness of the eye
- Swelling of the eyelids
- Hypopyon, which is the accumulation of white blood cells in the anterior chamber of the eye, as shown in the image.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of endophthalmitis is primarily clinical, supported by:
- Ophthalmic examination
- Ultrasound of the eye
- Culture and sensitivity testing of intraocular fluids
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of endophthalmitis involves:
- Intravitreal injection of antibiotics
- Possible vitrectomy surgery to remove infected vitreous material
- Systemic antibiotics in some cases
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for endophthalmitis depends on the severity of the infection and the promptness of treatment. Early intervention is crucial to preserve vision.
