Pouchitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Pouchitis | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| specialty = [[Gastroenterology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Abdominal pain]], [[diarrhea]], [[rectal bleeding]], [[fever]], [[fatigue]] | |||
| complications = [[Dehydration]], [[anemia]], [[malnutrition]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = Unknown, possibly related to [[bacterial overgrowth]] or [[immune response]] | |||
| risks = History of [[ulcerative colitis]], [[ileal pouch-anal anastomosis]] (IPAA) surgery | |||
| diagnosis = [[Endoscopy]], [[biopsy]], [[stool tests]] | |||
| differential = [[Crohn's disease]], [[infectious colitis]], [[irritable bowel syndrome]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[probiotics]], [[dietary changes]] | |||
| medication = [[Metronidazole]], [[ciprofloxacin]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment, but may recur | |||
| frequency = Affects up to 50% of patients with IPAA | |||
}} | |||
'''Pouchitis''' is an inflammation of the ileal pouch (an artificial rectum surgically created out of ileal gut tissue in patients who have undergone a colectomy), which is often associated with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. | '''Pouchitis''' is an inflammation of the ileal pouch (an artificial rectum surgically created out of ileal gut tissue in patients who have undergone a colectomy), which is often associated with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of pouchitis can include increased frequency of bowel movements, abdominal cramping, increased stool liquidity, urgency, incontinence, and occasionally, fever or bleeding. | The symptoms of pouchitis can include increased frequency of bowel movements, abdominal cramping, increased stool liquidity, urgency, incontinence, and occasionally, fever or bleeding. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The exact cause of pouchitis is unknown, but it is thought to be related to an imbalance in the bacteria that normally live in the pouch. Other possible causes include ischemia (lack of blood flow), mechanical injury, or an autoimmune response. | The exact cause of pouchitis is unknown, but it is thought to be related to an imbalance in the bacteria that normally live in the pouch. Other possible causes include ischemia (lack of blood flow), mechanical injury, or an autoimmune response. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of pouchitis is typically made based on the patient's symptoms, a physical examination, and the results of a pouchoscopy (a type of endoscopy used to examine the pouch). During a pouchoscopy, a small camera is inserted into the pouch to look for signs of inflammation. | Diagnosis of pouchitis is typically made based on the patient's symptoms, a physical examination, and the results of a pouchoscopy (a type of endoscopy used to examine the pouch). During a pouchoscopy, a small camera is inserted into the pouch to look for signs of inflammation. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for pouchitis typically involves antibiotics to help restore the balance of bacteria in the pouch. In some cases, probiotics may also be used. If these treatments are not effective, other medications such as immunosuppressants or biologics may be used. | Treatment for pouchitis typically involves antibiotics to help restore the balance of bacteria in the pouch. In some cases, probiotics may also be used. If these treatments are not effective, other medications such as immunosuppressants or biologics may be used. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Ulcerative colitis]] | * [[Ulcerative colitis]] | ||
| Line 21: | Line 36: | ||
* [[Immunosuppressants]] | * [[Immunosuppressants]] | ||
* [[Biologics]] | * [[Biologics]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Gastrointestinal disorders]] | [[Category:Gastrointestinal disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | [[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | |||
Latest revision as of 00:50, 4 April 2025
| Pouchitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Gastroenterology |
| Symptoms | Abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, fever, fatigue |
| Complications | Dehydration, anemia, malnutrition |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Unknown, possibly related to bacterial overgrowth or immune response |
| Risks | History of ulcerative colitis, ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery |
| Diagnosis | Endoscopy, biopsy, stool tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Crohn's disease, infectious colitis, irritable bowel syndrome |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Antibiotics, probiotics, dietary changes |
| Medication | Metronidazole, ciprofloxacin |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment, but may recur |
| Frequency | Affects up to 50% of patients with IPAA |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pouchitis is an inflammation of the ileal pouch (an artificial rectum surgically created out of ileal gut tissue in patients who have undergone a colectomy), which is often associated with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of pouchitis can include increased frequency of bowel movements, abdominal cramping, increased stool liquidity, urgency, incontinence, and occasionally, fever or bleeding.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of pouchitis is unknown, but it is thought to be related to an imbalance in the bacteria that normally live in the pouch. Other possible causes include ischemia (lack of blood flow), mechanical injury, or an autoimmune response.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of pouchitis is typically made based on the patient's symptoms, a physical examination, and the results of a pouchoscopy (a type of endoscopy used to examine the pouch). During a pouchoscopy, a small camera is inserted into the pouch to look for signs of inflammation.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for pouchitis typically involves antibiotics to help restore the balance of bacteria in the pouch. In some cases, probiotics may also be used. If these treatments are not effective, other medications such as immunosuppressants or biologics may be used.
See also[edit]
- Ulcerative colitis
- Familial adenomatous polyposis
- Colectomy
- Endoscopy
- Probiotics
- Immunosuppressants
- Biologics
References[edit]
<references />
