Sulfometuron methyl

Sulfometuron methyl is a herbicide used for controlling a wide range of weeds in non-crop areas such as roadsides, industrial sites, and railways. It belongs to the sulfonylurea class of herbicides, which act by inhibiting the enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS). This enzyme is crucial for the synthesis of the branched-chain amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine, which are essential for plant growth. The inhibition of ALS leads to the cessation of cell division and ultimately the death of the plant.

Chemistry

Sulfometuron methyl is a systemic herbicide, meaning it is absorbed by the plants through the roots and foliage and translocated throughout the plant. Chemically, it is known as methyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate. Its mode of action is by inhibiting the enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS), also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), which is vital for the synthesis of essential amino acids in plants.

Usage

The primary use of sulfometuron methyl is in the management of broadleaf weeds and some annual grasses. It is particularly effective in non-crop areas such as industrial sites, along railways, and in forestry management for site preparation and post-planting weed control. The herbicide is applied either pre-emergence or early post-emergence to control a wide range of weeds.

Environmental Impact

Sulfometuron methyl is considered to have a moderate environmental impact. It has a relatively low toxicity to mammals, birds, and fish. However, its persistence in soil can vary, depending on soil type, pH, and other environmental conditions, potentially affecting non-target plant species. Careful management and application according to the label instructions are essential to minimize its impact on non-target species and the environment.

Regulation

The use of sulfometuron methyl is regulated by environmental protection agencies in many countries. Users must follow the guidelines for application rates, timing, and safety precautions to minimize environmental impact and ensure the safety of applicators and the public.

See Also

• Herbicide
• Weed control
• Environmental impact of pesticides
• Pesticide regulation

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