|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| | | #REDIRECT[[Dimethyl fumarate]] |
| {{Drugbox
| |
| | Verifiedfields = changed
| |
| | verifiedrevid = 477241703
| |
| | image = Dimethyl fumarate.svg
| |
| | width = 200
| |
| | image2 = Dimethyl fumarate ball-and-stick model.png
| |
| | width2 = 200
| |
| | tradename = Tecfidera
| |
| | Drugs.com =
| |
| | MedlinePlus = a613049
| |
| | pregnancy_AU = B1
| |
| | pregnancy_US = C
| |
| | legal_AU = S4
| |
| | legal_CA = Rx-only
| |
| | legal_UK = POM
| |
| | legal_US = Rx-only
| |
| | routes_of_administration = Oral
| |
| | bioavailability = 2-3%
| |
| | protein_bound = 27-40%
| |
| | metabolism = Hydrolysis, then [[Cytochrome P450|CYP]]-independent metabolism
| |
| | elimination_half-life = 0.5-1 hour
| |
| | excretion = CO2 (60%), renal (16%), fecal (1%)
| |
| | CAS_number = 624-49-7
| |
| | ATC_prefix = L04
| |
| | ATC_suffix = AX07
| |
| | PubChem = 637568
| |
| | DrugBank = DB08908
| |
| | ChemSpiderID = 553679
| |
| | UNII = K848JZ4886
| |
| | KEGG = D03630
| |
| | ChEBI = 31408
| |
| | ChEMBL = 2103876
| |
| | IUPAC_name = Dimethyl (E)-butenedioate
| |
| | chemical_formula = C6H8O4
| |
| | molar_mass = 144.13 g/mol
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| '''Dimethyl fumarate''' (DMF) is a medication primarily used to treat [[multiple sclerosis]] (MS) and [[psoriasis]]. It is marketed under the brand name '''Tecfidera''' among others. DMF is an oral medication that modulates the immune system and has anti-inflammatory properties.
| |
| | |
| ==Medical Uses==
| |
| Dimethyl fumarate is used in the treatment of [[relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis]] (RRMS), a form of multiple sclerosis characterized by episodes of new or increasing neurological symptoms. It is also used for the treatment of moderate to severe [[psoriasis]], a chronic autoimmune skin condition.
| |
| | |
| ==Mechanism of Action==
| |
| The exact mechanism by which dimethyl fumarate exerts its effects in multiple sclerosis is not fully understood. However, it is believed to involve the activation of the [[Nrf2]] pathway, which leads to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation. This pathway is thought to protect against neurodegeneration and promote cellular homeostasis.
| |
| | |
| ==Side Effects==
| |
| Common side effects of dimethyl fumarate include [[flushing]], [[gastrointestinal]] events such as [[diarrhea]], [[nausea]], and [[abdominal pain]]. Serious side effects may include [[progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy]] (PML), a rare brain infection, and [[lymphopenia]], a decrease in white blood cells.
| |
| | |
| ==Pharmacokinetics==
| |
| Dimethyl fumarate is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and is extensively metabolized by [[esterases]] to its active metabolite, monomethyl fumarate (MMF). The drug has a short half-life of approximately 0.5 to 1 hour and is primarily excreted as carbon dioxide through exhalation, with minor renal and fecal excretion.
| |
| | |
| ==History==
| |
| Dimethyl fumarate was approved for medical use in the United States in 2013 and in the European Union in 2014. It was initially developed as a treatment for psoriasis before being repurposed for multiple sclerosis.
| |
| | |
| ==See Also==
| |
| * [[Multiple sclerosis treatment]]
| |
| * [[Psoriasis treatment]]
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| <references/>
| |
| | |
| ==External Links==
| |
| * [https://www.drugs.com/tecfidera.html Tecfidera on Drugs.com]
| |
| * [https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Treating-MS/Medications/Tecfidera National MS Society - Tecfidera]
| |
| | |
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Dimethyl Fumarate}}
| |
| [[Category:Multiple sclerosis drugs]]
| |
| [[Category:Psoriasis treatments]]
| |
| [[Category:Immunosuppressants]]
| |
| [[Category:Esters]]
| |
| [[Category:Carboxylate esters]]
| |
