TAF1: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:49, 30 December 2024

TAF1 (TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF1 gene. It is a part of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, which is essential for the initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.

Function[edit]

TAF1 is the largest subunit of the TFIID complex and plays a crucial role in the recognition of the TATA box in the promoter region of genes. It acts as a scaffold for the assembly of the other subunits of TFIID and interacts with various transcription factors to regulate gene expression.

Structure[edit]

The TAF1 protein contains several domains that contribute to its function:

A kinase domain that can phosphorylate other proteins.
A bromodomain that recognizes acetylated lysine residues on histones.
A histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain that can acetylate histones, modifying chromatin structure.

Clinical Significance[edit]

Mutations in the TAF1 gene have been associated with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dystonia and parkinsonism.

Interactions[edit]

TAF1 interacts with several other proteins, including:

TBP (TATA-box binding protein)
TAF7
TAF4

These interactions are critical for the assembly and function of the TFIID complex.

References[edit]

External links[edit]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''TAF1''' is a gene that encodes the TATA-box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, which is integral to the [[Transcription factor II D|Transcription Factor II D]] (TFIID) complex in humans. TFIID is a crucial component of the [[transcription preinitiation complex]], which is involved in the initiation of [[gene transcription]] by [[RNA polymerase II]].
+{{Infobox protein
+| name = TAF1
+| image = <!-- Image removed -->
+| caption = <!-- Image caption removed -->
+| symbol = TAF1
+| alt_symbols = TAFII250, TAFII-250, TAFII250, TAFII250, TAFII250
+| EntrezGene = 6872
+| HGNCid = 11587
+| OMIM = 313650
+| RefSeq = NM_004606
+| UniProt = P21675
+}}
+'''TAF1''' (TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the '''TAF1''' [[gene]]. It is a part of the [[transcription factor]] IID (TFIID) complex, which is essential for the initiation of [[transcription]] by [[RNA polymerase II]].
 == Function ==
+TAF1 is the largest subunit of the TFIID complex and plays a crucial role in the recognition of the [[TATA box]] in the [[promoter]] region of [[genes]]. It acts as a [[scaffold]] for the assembly of the other subunits of TFIID and interacts with various [[transcription factors]] to regulate [[gene expression]].
-The TAF1 protein is the largest subunit of the TFIID complex and plays a pivotal role in the process of transcription. It is involved in the recognition of the [[promoter (genetics)|promoter]] region of genes and aids in the assembly of the transcription preinitiation complex. TAF1 also possesses [[histone acetyltransferase]] activity, which modifies [[chromatin]] structure to facilitate transcription.
+== Structure ==
+The TAF1 protein contains several domains that contribute to its function:
+* A [[kinase]] domain that can phosphorylate other proteins.
+* A [[bromodomain]] that recognizes acetylated [[lysine]] residues on [[histones]].
+* A [[histone acetyltransferase]] (HAT) domain that can acetylate histones, modifying [[chromatin]] structure.
 == Clinical Significance ==
+Mutations in the TAF1 gene have been associated with [[X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism]], a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by [[dystonia]] and [[parkinsonism]].
-Mutations in the TAF1 gene have been associated with [[X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism]] (XDP), a rare neurodegenerative disorder. XDP is characterized by the onset of dystonia, followed by parkinsonism in later stages. The exact mechanism by which TAF1 mutations cause XDP is currently under investigation.
+== Interactions ==
+TAF1 interacts with several other proteins, including:
+* [[TBP]] (TATA-box binding protein)
+* [[TAF7]]
+* [[TAF4]]
-== Research ==
+These interactions are critical for the assembly and function of the TFIID complex.
-Research into the TAF1 gene and its associated protein continues to provide valuable insights into the complex process of gene transcription. Understanding the function and regulation of TAF1 may also shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders like XDP.
+== See also ==
+* [[Transcription (biology)]]
+* [[Gene expression]]
+* [[RNA polymerase II]]
-[[File:TAF1 protein structure.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The structure of the TAF1 protein. Image from Wikimedia Commons.]]
+== References ==
+{{Reflist}}
-== See Also ==
-* [[Transcription (genetics)]]
-* [[Transcription factor]]
-* [[X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism]]
-== References ==
+== External links ==
-<references />
+* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6872 TAF1 gene - NCBI]
+* [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P21675 TAF1 protein - UniProt]
-[[Category:Genes]]
+[[Category:Human proteins]]
 [[Category:Transcription factors]]
-[[Category:Neurodegenerative disorders]]
+[[Category:Gene expression]]
-{{Genes on human chromosome X}}
-{{Transcription factors}}
-{{medicine-stub}}