Thyroplasty
Thyroplasty is a type of surgery that is performed on the larynx, specifically the thyroid cartilage, to improve the voice. This procedure is often used to treat conditions such as vocal cord paralysis and other laryngeal disorders.
Types of Thyroplasty
There are four types of thyroplasty, each designed to address a specific issue with the voice:
- Type I: This is the most common type of thyroplasty. It is used to treat vocal cord paralysis by moving the paralyzed vocal cord towards the middle of the larynx. This improves the voice by allowing the vocal cords to come together more effectively during speech.
- Type II: This type of thyroplasty is used to treat a condition called hyperadduction, where the vocal cords come together too tightly. The surgery involves moving the vocal cord away from the middle of the larynx to reduce tension.
- Type III: This type of thyroplasty is used to treat a condition called glottic incompetence, where the vocal cords do not close properly. The surgery involves tightening the vocal cords to improve closure.
- Type IV: This type of thyroplasty is used to treat a condition called glottic stenosis, where the opening between the vocal cords is too narrow. The surgery involves widening the opening to improve airflow.
Procedure
The procedure for thyroplasty involves making an incision in the neck to access the larynx. The surgeon then inserts a small piece of implant material into the thyroid cartilage to adjust the position of the vocal cord. The implant is usually made of silicone or titanium, and is designed to be permanent.
Risks and Complications
As with any surgery, there are risks associated with thyroplasty. These can include infection, bleeding, and reaction to anesthesia. There is also a risk that the voice may not improve, or may even worsen, after surgery. In some cases, additional surgery may be needed to adjust the implant or to treat complications.
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