SLL

Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by an excess of white blood cells in the lymph nodes. When this disease affects the blood and bone marrow, it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). SLL and CLL are essentially the same disease, but named differently based on where the cancer primarily occurs.

Symptoms

The symptoms of SLL are often non-specific and may be similar to those of other illnesses. They can include:

• Swollen, painless lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Night sweats
• Unintended weight loss
• Frequent infections

Causes

The exact cause of SLL is unknown. However, it is known that something happens to cause a change (mutation) in the DNA of cells that are growing in the bone marrow. The mutation tells the cells to continue growing and dividing, when healthy cells would die. The accumulating lymphocytes take up more and more space, crowding out healthy cells and causing the signs and symptoms of SLL.

Diagnosis

SLL is typically diagnosed through a physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy. The doctor may also check for swollen lymph nodes and may order a lymph node biopsy. In this test, a sample of tissue is removed from a lymph node and examined under a microscope.

Treatment

Treatment for SLL depends on the stage of the disease. Some people with SLL who do not have any symptoms may not need treatment right away. This approach, known as watchful waiting, might be an option if lymphoma is growing slowly and not causing any symptoms.

For people who need treatment, options might include:

• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy
• Targeted therapy drugs
• Radiation therapy
• Stem cell transplant

Prognosis

The prognosis for SLL varies widely and depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease, the patient's overall health, and the patient's response to treatment.

See also

• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• Lymph node
• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Stem cell transplant

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