X-ray machine
X-ray Machine
An X-ray machine is a device used in medicine to generate X-ray images of the human body. This is achieved by passing a controlled amount of X-ray radiation through the body and capturing the radiation that is transmitted onto a detector or film.
Pronunciation
- X-ray: /ˈɛksˌreɪ/
- Machine: /məˈʃiːn/
Etymology
The term "X-ray" is derived from the algebraic term "X," which is used to signify an unknown quantity. This is because when X-rays were first discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895, their nature was unknown. The term "machine" comes from the Latin word "machina," which means a mechanical device.
Related Terms
- Radiology: The branch of medicine that uses X-rays and other forms of radiation to diagnose and treat disease.
- Radiographer: A healthcare professional who specializes in the imaging of human anatomy for the diagnosis and treatment of pathology.
- Computed Tomography (CT): A medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of specific areas of the body.
- Mammography: A specific type of imaging that uses a low-dose X-ray system to examine breasts.
Function
An X-ray machine works by emitting a beam of X-rays towards the body part being examined. The X-rays that pass through the body are detected on the other side by a detector or film. The resulting image is a two-dimensional representation of all the body's structures superimposed on each other. The different tissues in the body absorb X-rays to differing extents. For example, bones absorb much of the radiation and appear white on the X-ray image, while softer tissues absorb less and appear darker.
History
The X-ray machine was invented in November 1895 by German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. Roentgen discovered X-rays while experimenting with cathode rays, and he quickly realized the potential medical applications of these rays. He was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for his discovery.
Risks and Safety
While X-ray machines are an invaluable tool in medicine, they do carry some risks due to the ionizing radiation they produce. This radiation can potentially cause damage to cells and lead to cancer. However, the benefits of X-ray imaging often outweigh the potential risks, especially when used judiciously and with proper safety measures.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on X-ray machine
- Wikipedia's article - X-ray machine
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