Wine making
Wine Making
Wine making or vinification (pronounced: /ˌvɪnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/) is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology (pronounced: /iːˈnɒlədʒi/). A winemaker may also be called a vintner (pronounced: /ˈvɪntnər/).
Etymology
The term "wine making" is derived from the Old English "winian" meaning to labour, strive, fight, and "macian" meaning to make. The term "vinification" comes from the Latin "vinum" meaning wine and "facere" meaning to make. The term "oenology" comes from the Greek "oinos" meaning wine and "logos" meaning study or science. The term "vintner" comes from the Old French "vigneter" meaning wine-grower.
Process
The process of wine making involves several stages:
1. Harvesting: This is the picking of grapes and can be done manually or mechanically.
2. Crushing and Pressing: This is the breaking of the grape skins to release the juice, which is then pressed to extract the juice from the pulp.
3. Fermentation: This is the process where sugars in the juice are converted to alcohol by yeast.
4. Clarification: This is the removal of solids and sediments from the wine.
5. Aging and Bottling: The wine is aged in barrels or tanks, then filtered, and finally bottled.
Related Terms
- Viticulture: The cultivation of grapevines.
- Enology: The study of wine and wine making.
- Sommelier: A trained and knowledgeable wine professional.
- Terroir: The set of environmental factors that affect a crop's phenotype.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Wine making
- Wikipedia's article - Wine making
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