Water Intoxication

Water Intoxication

Water intoxication, also known as water poisoning, hyperhydration, or water toxemia is a potentially fatal disturbance in brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside safe limits by excessive water intake.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈwɔːtər ɪnˌtɒksɪˈkeɪʃən/

Etymology

The term "water intoxication" is derived from the Latin words "aqua" meaning water, and "intoxicatio" meaning poisoning.

Symptoms

Water intoxication can result in a number of symptoms. These include headache, nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, seizure, coma, or even death.

Causes

Water intoxication is typically the result of drinking excessive amounts of plain water which causes a severe imbalance in electrolytes in the body. This is often compounded by sweating due to physical exertion or heat, which further depletes the body's electrolyte levels.

Prevention

Prevention of water intoxication is typically achieved by ensuring a balanced intake of water and electrolytes, particularly during periods of high physical activity or heat.

Treatment

Treatment for water intoxication typically involves addressing the electrolyte imbalance through intravenous (IV) therapy and monitoring of vital signs.

Related Terms

• Hyponatremia
• Electrolyte imbalance
• Dehydration
• Polydipsia

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Water Intoxication
• Wikipedia's article - Water Intoxication

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