Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (pronounced: /taɪp wʌn daɪəˈbiːtiːz ˈmɛlɪtəs/), also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone needed to allow sugar (glucose) to enter cells to produce energy.
Etymology
The term "diabetes" is derived from the Greek word "diabainein", which means "to pass through". This refers to the excessive amount of urine produced by individuals with the condition. "Mellitus" is Latin for "sweetened with honey", referring to the high sugar content in the urine and blood of those with diabetes. The term "Type 1" is used to differentiate it from Type 2 diabetes, which has a different underlying cause.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Type 1 diabetes mellitus include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and nerve damage.
Causes
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by an autoimmune reaction where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The exact cause of this autoimmune reaction is still unknown, but it's thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Treatment
The treatment for Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves regular blood sugar monitoring and insulin therapy, which can be administered through injections or an insulin pump. A healthy diet and regular exercise are also important for managing the condition.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Wikipedia's article - Type 1 diabetes mellitus
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