Tumefactive multiple sclerosis
Tumefactive multiple sclerosis (pronunciation: too-meh-fak-tiv mul-ti-pul skle-roh-sis) is a rare form of multiple sclerosis characterized by large lesions or tumefactions in the brain.
Etymology
The term "tumefactive" is derived from the Latin word "tumefacere", which means "to cause to swell". The term "multiple sclerosis" is derived from the Latin words "multiplex" (meaning "multiple") and "sclerosis" (meaning "hardening"), referring to the multiple areas of scarring or hardening in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
Definition
Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is a variant of multiple sclerosis that presents with large, tumor-like lesions in the brain. These lesions are typically larger than two centimeters in diameter and can mimic the appearance of a brain tumor on imaging studies, leading to potential diagnostic confusion.
Symptoms
The symptoms of tumefactive multiple sclerosis can vary widely depending on the location and size of the lesions. Common symptoms may include headache, seizures, weakness, numbness, visual disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of tumefactive multiple sclerosis is typically made through a combination of clinical evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and sometimes biopsy of the lesion. The lesions of tumefactive multiple sclerosis have a characteristic appearance on MRI, often with a ring of enhancement surrounding a central area of necrosis.
Treatment
Treatment for tumefactive multiple sclerosis typically involves high-dose corticosteroid therapy to reduce inflammation and swelling. In some cases, other immunomodulatory therapies may be used.
Prognosis
The prognosis of tumefactive multiple sclerosis can vary widely. Some individuals may experience a single episode and then have a stable course, while others may have a more progressive course with increasing disability.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tumefactive multiple sclerosis
- Wikipedia's article - Tumefactive multiple sclerosis
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