Tuberculosis radiology
Tuberculosis Radiology
Tuberculosis radiology (pronounced: too-ber-kyoo-LOH-sis ray-dee-OL-uh-jee) is a branch of radiology that focuses on the imaging and diagnosis of tuberculosis, a contagious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Etymology
The term "tuberculosis" is derived from the Latin word "tuberculum," which means a small swelling or lump, referring to the granulomas often seen in this disease. "Radiology" comes from the Latin "radius," meaning ray, and the Greek "logia," meaning study. Thus, "tuberculosis radiology" refers to the study of the imaging of the lumps or swellings characteristic of tuberculosis.
Diagnosis
Tuberculosis radiology primarily involves the use of X-ray imaging, although CT scans and MRI may also be used. The most common findings on X-ray are infiltrates, cavities, and lymphadenopathy. In the early stages of the disease, small, scattered lesions may be seen, which can progress to more extensive disease if left untreated.
Related Terms
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis: This is the most common form of the disease, affecting the lungs. Radiological findings include consolidation, cavities, and nodules.
- Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: This refers to tuberculosis that affects organs other than the lungs. Radiological findings vary depending on the organ involved.
- Miliary Tuberculosis: This is a severe form of the disease where tiny tubercles spread throughout the body. On radiographs, it appears as a diffuse, millet-seed pattern.
- Primary Tuberculosis: This is the initial infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Radiological findings include the Ghon complex, consisting of a Ghon focus (a small area of infection in the lung) and lymphadenopathy.
- Post-primary Tuberculosis: This is a reactivation or reinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Radiological findings include upper lobe consolidation, cavities, and endobronchial spread.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tuberculosis radiology
- Wikipedia's article - Tuberculosis radiology
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