Thymic hypoplasia
Thymic Hypoplasia
Thymic hypoplasia (pronunciation: thī-mik hī-pō-plā-zhə) is a medical condition characterized by the underdevelopment or absence of the thymus gland. The term originates from the Greek words 'thymos' meaning 'thymus' and 'hypoplasia' meaning 'underdevelopment'.
Definition
Thymic hypoplasia is a form of primary immunodeficiency where the thymus gland does not develop properly. This results in a decreased production of T cells, which are crucial for the immune system's ability to fight off infections.
Symptoms
The symptoms of thymic hypoplasia can vary greatly, but often include frequent infections, failure to thrive, and autoimmune disorders. In severe cases, it can lead to a complete absence of the thymus gland, known as athymia.
Causes
Thymic hypoplasia is often associated with DiGeorge syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by a defect in chromosome 22. However, it can also occur as a result of other genetic abnormalities or environmental factors during fetal development.
Treatment
Treatment for thymic hypoplasia often involves managing the symptoms and preventing infections. In some cases, thymus transplant may be considered.
Related Terms
- Thymus
- Primary immunodeficiency
- T cells
- Autoimmune disorders
- DiGeorge syndrome
- Athymia
- Thymus transplant
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Thymic hypoplasia
- Wikipedia's article - Thymic hypoplasia
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