T score
T Score
A T score (pronounced: /tiː skɔːr/) is a type of standard score that is used in statistics and medicine to compare an individual's test result with the average result for a group. The T score is calculated by subtracting the mean of the population from the individual's score, and then dividing by the standard deviation of the population.
Etymology
The term "T score" is derived from the statistical term "Student's t-distribution", which was introduced by William Sealy Gosset under the pseudonym "Student". The "T" in T score stands for "test".
Usage in Medicine
In medicine, T scores are most commonly used in the field of osteoporosis diagnosis. A T score is used to compare a patient's bone mineral density (BMD) to the average BMD of a healthy 30-year-old of the same sex.
A T score of -1.0 or above is considered normal. A T score between -1.0 and -2.5 indicates osteopenia, which is a lower than normal BMD and may lead to osteoporosis. A T score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis.
Related Terms
- Z score: A similar standard score used in statistics, but compares an individual's score to the mean score of a group, divided by the standard deviation.
- Bone mineral density (BMD): The amount of bone mineral in bone tissue, used in the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
- Osteopenia: A condition where bone mineral density is lower than normal, often a precursor to osteoporosis.
- Osteoporosis: A medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on T score
- Wikipedia's article - T score
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