Synovial joints

Synovial Joints

Synovial joints (/sɪˈnoʊviəl ˈdʒɔɪnts/), also known as diarthroses, are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal. As with all joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones.

Etymology

The term "synovial" derives from the Greek word synovia which means "like an egg", referring to the viscous fluid found in the joints. "Diarthroses" comes from the Greek dia meaning "through" and arthros meaning "joint", indicating the free movement these joints allow.

Structure

A synovial joint involves seven key components: Articular cartilage, Articular capsule, Synovial membrane, Synovial fluid, Ligaments, Tendons, and Nerves and blood vessels. Each of these components plays a crucial role in the function and protection of the joint.

Types

There are six types of synovial joints. These are the pivot, hinge, saddle, plane, condyloid, and ball and socket joints. Each type has a different form and allows different movements.

Function

The primary function of synovial joints is to provide movement. The synovial fluid within the joint capsule provides lubrication and nutrition to the articular cartilage, reducing friction and wear.

Related Terms

• Articular cartilage
• Articular capsule
• Synovial membrane
• Synovial fluid
• Ligaments
• Tendons
• Nerves and blood vessels
• Pivot joint
• Hinge joint
• Saddle joint
• Plane joint
• Condyloid joint
• Ball and socket joint

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Synovial joints
• Wikipedia's article - Synovial joints

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