Sunburn
Sunburn
Sunburn (/ˈsʌnbɜːrn/) is a form of radiation burn that affects living tissue, such as skin, that results from an overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, commonly from the sun.
Etymology
The term "sunburn" is derived from the Old English sunne for "sun" and bærnan for "to burn, blaze, glow".
Definition
Sunburn is an inflammatory response in the skin triggered by direct DNA damage by UV radiation. When the skin cells' DNA is overly damaged by UV radiation, type I cell-death is triggered and the skin is replaced.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of sunburn include red or reddish skin that is hot to the touch, pain, generalized fatigue, and mild dizziness.
Prevention
Prevention of sunburn is primarily by reducing exposure to the sun's UV radiation, most effectively by avoiding the sun between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., applying a sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF), and wearing protective clothing such as a wide-brimmed hat and long-sleeved shirt.
Treatment
Treatment of sunburn is primarily aimed at relieving the symptoms, especially the pain and inflammation. This can be achieved with the use of over-the-counter pain relievers, cold compresses, aloe vera lotions, and staying hydrated.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sunburn
- Wikipedia's article - Sunburn
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