Satellite chromosome
Satellite Chromosome
A Satellite Chromosome (pronunciation: /ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈkroʊməˌsoʊm/) is a type of chromosome that possesses a secondary constriction, known as the satellite, in addition to the primary constriction, or centromere.
Etymology
The term "Satellite Chromosome" is derived from the Latin word "satelles" meaning attendant, due to the presence of the secondary constriction or satellite that appears to be attached to the main chromosome body.
Description
Satellite chromosomes are characterized by the presence of a secondary constriction, or satellite, which is separated from the main chromosome body by a thin thread of chromatin. This satellite region often contains genes for ribosomal RNA. Satellite chromosomes are often observed in karyotype analysis and are significant in the study of genetic disorders.
Related Terms
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Centromere: The region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach during cell division.
- Satellite: A smaller structure attached to the main body of the chromosome.
- Chromatin: The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
- Karyotype: The number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Satellite chromosome
- Wikipedia's article - Satellite chromosome
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