Riedel's thyroiditis
Riedel's thyroiditis (pronounced: Ree-del's thy-roi-di-tis) is a rare inflammatory condition that affects the thyroid gland. It is characterized by the replacement of the normal thyroid tissue with a dense, fibrous tissue.
Etymology
The condition is named after the German pathologist Bernhard Riedel, who first described it in 1896.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Riedel's thyroiditis can vary, but often include a hard, painless mass in the neck (due to the enlarged thyroid), difficulty swallowing or breathing, and hoarseness. Some patients may also experience hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid does not produce enough hormones.
Causes
The exact cause of Riedel's thyroiditis is unknown. However, it is thought to be an autoimmune disease, in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Riedel's thyroiditis is often challenging due to its rarity and the lack of specific symptoms. It is usually confirmed through a biopsy, in which a small sample of thyroid tissue is removed and examined under a microscope.
Treatment
Treatment for Riedel's thyroiditis typically involves managing the symptoms and complications. This may include hormone replacement therapy for hypothyroidism, and surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid if it is causing significant problems with swallowing or breathing.
Related Terms
- Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland.
- Fibrosis: The thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a result of injury.
- Autoimmune disease: A condition in which the body's immune system attacks its own cells.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Riedel's thyroiditis
- Wikipedia's article - Riedel's thyroiditis
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