Renal hypoplasia
Renal hypoplasia (pronunciation: /rɪˈnæl haɪˈpoʊzɪə/) is a medical condition characterized by the underdevelopment or incomplete development of the kidney or kidneys. The term is derived from the Greek words renes meaning kidney and hypoplasia meaning underdevelopment.
Definition
Renal hypoplasia is a congenital condition, meaning it is present at birth. It is characterized by a decrease in the number of nephrons, the functional units of the kidney. This condition can affect one or both kidneys.
Symptoms
Symptoms of renal hypoplasia can vary greatly depending on the severity of the condition. Some individuals may have no symptoms, while others may experience symptoms such as high blood pressure, urinary tract infections, or kidney failure.
Causes
The exact cause of renal hypoplasia is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to genetic factors, as it often occurs in families. Other potential causes include maternal drug use during pregnancy, certain infections during pregnancy, and certain genetic syndromes.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of renal hypoplasia is typically made through imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. These tests can show the size and shape of the kidneys, as well as any abnormalities.
Treatment
Treatment for renal hypoplasia depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, no treatment may be necessary. In more severe cases, treatment may include medications to control blood pressure and prevent kidney damage, dialysis, or kidney transplant.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Renal hypoplasia
- Wikipedia's article - Renal hypoplasia
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