Recall bias
Recall Bias
Recall bias (pronunciation: /rɪˈkɔːl baɪəs/) is a type of systematic error that occurs when participants in a research study do not remember past events or experiences accurately. This can lead to inaccurate data and skewed results in the study.
Etymology
The term "recall bias" is derived from the English words "recall" (from the Latin word 'recolligere' meaning 'to gather again') and "bias" (from the Old French 'biais' meaning 'slant, oblique').
Definition
Recall bias is a cognitive bias that can significantly affect the results of a study. It is often a problem in retrospective studies, where participants are asked to recall past behaviors or events. The bias occurs when the accuracy of the recollections differs between individuals or groups within the study, leading to a systematic error in the data.
Related Terms
- Systematic error: A consistent, repeatable error associated with faulty equipment or a flawed experiment design.
- Cognitive bias: A systematic error in thinking that affects the decisions and judgments that people make.
- Retrospective study: A type of observational study that looks backwards in time, usually using medical records and interviews with patients.
Effects of Recall Bias
Recall bias can lead to an over- or underestimation of the relationship between exposure and outcome. This can result in misleading conclusions being drawn from the study. It is therefore important for researchers to be aware of the potential for recall bias and to take steps to minimize its impact.
Prevention and Control
Recall bias can be minimized through careful study design and data collection methods. This can include using validated questionnaires, providing memory aids to participants, and corroborating self-reported data with other sources where possible.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Recall bias
- Wikipedia's article - Recall bias
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