Psychological disorder
Psychological disorder
Psychological disorder (pronunciation: /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl dɪsˈɔːdər/), also known as a mental disorder, is a pattern of behavioral or mental symptoms that impact multiple areas of life and create distress for the person experiencing these symptoms.
Etymology
The term "psychological disorder" is derived from the Greek word "psyche" meaning "soul" or "mind", and the Latin word "disorder" meaning "disarrange" or "confuse".
Definition
A Psychological disorder is a condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Psychopathology is the study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, etiology (i.e., their causes), and treatment. The term psychopathology can also refer to the manifestation of a psychological disorder. Although consensus can be difficult, it is extremely important for mental health professionals to agree on what constitutes a psychological disorder so it can be diagnosed and treated accurately.
Types of Psychological Disorders
There are several types of psychological disorders including:
- Anxiety disorders: These disorders are characterized by excessive fear, distress, and apprehension. Examples include panic disorder, phobias, and generalized anxiety disorder.
- Mood disorders: These disorders involve persistent feelings of sadness or periods of feeling overly happy, or fluctuations from extreme happiness to extreme sadness. Examples include depression, bipolar disorder, and cyclothymic disorder.
- Psychotic disorders: These disorders involve distorted awareness and thinking. The most notable example is schizophrenia.
- Eating disorders: These disorders involve preoccupation with food and weight. Examples include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder.
- Personality disorders: These disorders involve chronic, inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that cause significant personal, social, and occupational impairment. Examples include antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder.
Treatment
Treatment for psychological disorders typically involves a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and self-care. The exact treatment plan will depend on the type of disorder, the severity of symptoms, and the individual's personal needs and preferences.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Psychological disorder
- Wikipedia's article - Psychological disorder
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