Prostacyclin
Prostacyclin (pronounced pro-sta-cy-clin), also known as PGI2, is a prostaglandin member of the eicosanoid family of lipid molecules. It was discovered in 1976 by John Vane and his team.
Etymology
The term "Prostacyclin" is derived from the terms "prostaglandin" and "cyclin". The "prosta" part of the name comes from the prostate gland, where prostaglandins were first isolated. The "cyclin" part of the name refers to the cyclic nature of the molecule's structure.
Function
Prostacyclin is produced in the walls of blood vessels and serves as a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. It is synthesized from arachidonic acid by the action of the enzyme cyclooxygenase and prostacyclin synthase. It works by binding to the prostacyclin receptor on the surface of cells, leading to an increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP.
Clinical significance
Prostacyclin and its analogues are used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. They work by dilating the blood vessels in the lungs, reducing the workload on the heart. Prostacyclin is also being investigated for its potential anti-cancer properties.
Related terms
- Prostaglandin
- Eicosanoid
- Cyclooxygenase
- Arachidonic acid
- Prostacyclin receptor
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Prostacyclin
- Wikipedia's article - Prostacyclin
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