Placenta praevia
Placenta praevia (pronounced: pla-SEN-ta PREE-vee-uh) is a condition in pregnancy where the placenta attaches itself in the lower part of the uterus, near to or covering the cervix.
Etymology
The term "Placenta praevia" is derived from Latin, where "placenta" means "cake" and "praevia" means "going before". This refers to the placenta positioning itself before the baby in the birth canal.
Definition
Placenta praevia is a complication of pregnancy where the placenta is abnormally positioned in the uterus. It can cause severe bleeding during pregnancy and delivery. The placenta may partially or completely block the baby's path out of the uterus, which can complicate vaginal delivery.
Types
There are four types of placenta praevia:
- Complete placenta praevia: The placenta completely covers the cervical opening.
- Partial placenta praevia: The placenta partially covers the cervical opening.
- Marginal placenta praevia: The placenta is at the edge of the cervix.
- Low-lying placenta: The placenta is near, but not covering, the cervix.
Symptoms
The main symptom of placenta praevia is painless bleeding from the vagina during the second half of pregnancy. Other symptoms may include premature contractions and baby being in a breech (bottom first) or transverse (sideways) position.
Causes
The exact cause of placenta praevia is unknown. However, it is more common in women who have had a previous caesarean section, multiple pregnancies, are older or smoke.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition, the stage of the pregnancy, and the health of the mother and baby. It may include bed rest, medication to prevent premature labor, or a caesarean section if the placenta is blocking the cervix.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Placenta praevia
- Wikipedia's article - Placenta praevia
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