Peripheral vision
Peripheral vision
Peripheral vision (/pəˈrɪfərəl ˈvɪʒən/), also known as indirect vision, is part of the overall visual system that allows individuals to see objects outside their direct line of sight.
Etymology
The term "peripheral" comes from the Greek word "peripheria" which means circumference. "Vision" is derived from the Latin word "visio", meaning sight.
Definition
Peripheral vision is the part of vision that occurs outside the very center of gaze. It is a type of 'side-looking' vision. While the human eye has a nearly 180-degree forward-facing horizontal field of view, only about 60 degrees of this is made up of binocular vision. The rest is peripheral vision.
Function
Peripheral vision is essential for spatial orientation and is particularly important for detecting motion and movement outside the direct line of sight. It is less detailed than central vision, but more sensitive to light and motion.
Related Terms
- Central vision: The vision we use when we focus on an object directly. It allows us to see fine details and colors.
- Binocular vision: The ability to maintain visual focus on an object with both eyes, creating a single visual image.
- Visual field: The total area that can be seen without moving the eyes, including peripheral vision.
- Visual acuity: The sharpness of vision, usually measured with a Snellen chart.
- Visual perception: The ability to interpret information and surroundings from the effects of visible light reaching the eye.
Disorders
Disorders affecting peripheral vision include glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, and stroke. These conditions can lead to peripheral vision loss, which is often experienced as "tunnel vision".
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Peripheral vision
- Wikipedia's article - Peripheral vision
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