Nucleus (cell)

Nucleus (cell)

The nucleus (pronounced: /ˈnjuː.kli.əs/, plural: nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The term "nucleus" is derived from the Latin word 'nux', meaning 'nut' or 'kernel'.

Structure

The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell and contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes.

Function

The primary function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression. The nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell.

Components

The nucleus is composed of several components, including the nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, and nucleolus.

Nuclear Envelope

The nuclear envelope is a double membrane that encloses the entire nucleus, separating the contents of the nucleus from the cellular cytoplasm.

Nucleoplasm

The nucleoplasm is the type of protoplasm that makes up the bulk of the nucleus. It includes the chromosomes and nucleoli.

Nucleolus

The nucleolus is a non-membrane bound structure composed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus. It is involved in the production of ribosomes.

Related Terms

• Cell
• Eukaryotic cell
• DNA
• Chromosome
• Gene expression
• Nuclear envelope
• Nucleoplasm
• Nucleolus

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Nucleus (cell)
• Wikipedia's article - Nucleus (cell)

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