Non-invasive ventilation
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV, pronounced non-in-vay-siv ven-ti-lay-shun) is a method of providing ventilation to patients without the need for an invasive procedure such as endotracheal intubation.
Etymology
The term "non-invasive" comes from the Latin non, meaning "not", and invasio, meaning "an attack". In medical terms, it refers to procedures that do not involve breaking the skin or entering the body cavities. The term "ventilation" comes from the Latin ventilare, meaning "to fan", and in medical terms, it refers to the process of exchanging air between the lungs and the environment.
Definition
Non-invasive ventilation is a method of supporting a patient's breathing without the need for an invasive procedure such as endotracheal intubation. It is often used in the treatment of respiratory failure, particularly in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Types of Non-invasive Ventilation
There are two main types of non-invasive ventilation: continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP). CPAP provides a constant level of pressure throughout the breathing cycle, while BiPAP provides a higher pressure during inhalation and a lower pressure during exhalation.
Related Terms
- Ventilation
- Respiratory failure
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Pneumonia
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Continuous positive airway pressure
- Bilevel positive airway pressure
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Non-invasive ventilation
- Wikipedia's article - Non-invasive ventilation
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