Neolithic revolution

Neolithic Revolution

The Neolithic Revolution (pronounced: /ˌniːəˈlɪθɪk/), also known as the New Stone Age Revolution, refers to the period in human history when humans transitioned from a nomadic lifestyle of hunting and gathering to a settled, agricultural lifestyle. This revolution, which occurred approximately 10,000 BCE, marked a significant turning point in human history and had profound effects on human societies.

Etymology

The term "Neolithic Revolution" was coined by V. Gordon Childe, an Australian archaeologist, in the 1930s. The term "Neolithic" comes from the Greek words "neos" meaning "new" and "lithos" meaning "stone", referring to the new stone tools that were developed during this period.

Overview

The Neolithic Revolution is considered a major turning point in human history as it led to the development of agriculture, which allowed humans to produce their own food and led to the establishment of permanent settlements. This in turn led to significant population growth and the development of complex societies.

During the Neolithic Revolution, humans began to domesticate plants and animals, leading to the development of farming. This allowed humans to control their food supply, leading to a more stable and predictable lifestyle. The development of farming also led to the creation of surplus food, which could be stored for future use or traded for other goods.

The Neolithic Revolution also saw the development of new technologies, such as pottery and weaving, and the construction of permanent structures, such as houses and granaries. These developments led to the establishment of villages and eventually cities, marking the beginning of civilization.

Related Terms

• Agriculture: The practice of cultivating plants and rearing animals for food, fiber, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.
• Domestication: The process of adapting wild plants and animals for human use.
• Civilization: A complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification, a form of government, and symbolic systems of communication.
• Hunter-gatherer: A human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals).

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