Myelonecrosis
Myelonecrosis (pronounced: my-uh-loh-ne-kroh-sis) is a medical term that refers to the necrosis, or death, of bone marrow tissue.
Etymology
The term "Myelonecrosis" is derived from the Greek words "myelos" which means marrow and "nekrosis" which means death.
Definition
Myelonecrosis is a pathological condition where there is death of the bone marrow tissue due to lack of blood supply, infection, radiation, or other causes. This condition can lead to a decrease in the production of blood cells, leading to various symptoms such as anemia, increased susceptibility to infection, and excessive bleeding.
Causes
The most common causes of myelonecrosis include:
- Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which can damage the bone marrow.
- Certain diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma, which can invade the bone marrow.
- Certain medications, such as those used to treat cancer or autoimmune diseases.
- Severe infections that spread to the bone marrow.
- Conditions that can block the blood supply to the bone marrow, such as sickle cell disease.
Symptoms
Symptoms of myelonecrosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the type of blood cells affected. They may include:
- Fatigue and weakness (due to anemia)
- Frequent or severe infections (due to low white blood cell count)
- Easy bruising or bleeding (due to low platelet count)
Treatment
Treatment for myelonecrosis focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve:
- Stopping or changing medications that are causing myelonecrosis.
- Treating any underlying infections.
- In severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be necessary.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Myelonecrosis
- Wikipedia's article - Myelonecrosis
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