Microvilli
Microvilli
Microvilli (pronounced: /ˌmaɪkroʊˈvɪli/) are minute, finger-like projections that extend from the surface of many types of cells, especially those in the epithelial tissue. The term "microvilli" is derived from the Latin words "micro" meaning small and "villi" meaning shaggy hair.
Function
Microvilli increase the surface area of cells, thereby enhancing their ability to absorb and secrete substances. They are particularly abundant in the intestine and kidney, where they facilitate the absorption of nutrients and the filtration of waste products, respectively.
Structure
Each microvillus is covered by a plasma membrane, which encloses a core of actin filaments. These filaments are connected to the cell's cytoskeleton, providing structural support and facilitating movement.
Related Terms
- Actin: A protein that forms the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton and plays a key role in cell shape, movement, and division.
- Cytoskeleton: A network of protein filaments and tubules that gives a cell its shape and helps it move and divide.
- Epithelial tissue: A type of tissue that lines the surfaces and cavities of the body's organs.
- Intestine: A part of the digestive tract where the absorption of nutrients occurs.
- Kidney: An organ that filters waste products from the blood and excretes them in urine.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Microvilli
- Wikipedia's article - Microvilli
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