Meningitis Now
Meningitis
Meningitis (pronounced: /ˌmɛnɪnˈdʒaɪtɪs/) is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. The inflammation is usually caused by an infection of the fluid surrounding these areas.
Etymology
The term "meningitis" comes from the Greek words "meninx" meaning "membrane" and "-itis" meaning "inflammation".
Types of Meningitis
There are several types of meningitis, including:
- Bacterial Meningitis: This is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection caused by bacteria. It can lead to severe brain damage and is fatal in 50% of cases if untreated.
- Viral Meningitis: This is the most common type of meningitis and is often less severe than bacterial meningitis. Most people recover fully, although it can be life-threatening in some cases.
- Fungal Meningitis: This is a rare form of meningitis and occurs when fungus spreads through the blood to the spinal cord.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of meningitis include sudden high fever, severe headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and sensitivity to light. In infants, symptoms can include fever, irritability, poor feeding, and a bulging soft spot on the head.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the type of meningitis. Bacterial meningitis requires immediate treatment with antibiotics and sometimes antiviral medications. Viral meningitis usually resolves on its own, but antiviral medications may be used in severe cases. Fungal meningitis is treated with antifungal medications.
Prevention
Prevention methods include good hygiene practices, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with people who are sick. Vaccines are also available for some types of bacteria that can cause meningitis.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Meningitis Now
- Wikipedia's article - Meningitis Now
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