MLST
MLST
MLST or Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (pronounced: M-L-S-T) is a technique in molecular biology for the typing of multiple loci in the DNA of an organism. It is a method of identifying strains of bacteria, fungi, and other organisms.
Etymology
The term MLST is an acronym derived from Multi-Locus Sequence Typing. The term locus (plural: loci) is Latin for 'place', and in genetics, it refers to the specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome. Sequence typing refers to the process of determining the sequence of nucleotide bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine) in a DNA sample.
Procedure
In MLST, sequences of internal fragments of (usually) seven house-keeping genes are determined for a range of isolates of a bacterial species. Each different sequence is assigned an allele number and, for each isolate, the alleles at each of the seven loci define the allelic profile or sequence type (ST) for the isolate.
Related Terms
- Allele: One of two or more versions of a gene that are found at the same place on a chromosome.
- Gene: The basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA.
- Locus: The specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome.
- Sequence Typing: A method of identifying and categorizing organisms based on the sequence of nucleotide bases in a portion of their DNA.
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on MLST
- Wikipedia's article - MLST
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