Isoniazid/rifampicin

Isoniazid/Rifampicin

Isoniazid/Rifampicin (pronunciation: eye-soe-NYE-a-zid/rif-AM-pi-sin) is a combination medication used primarily in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Etymology

The term "Isoniazid" is derived from its chemical name, isonicotinylhydrazide. "Rifampicin" is derived from the name of the bacteria from which it was first isolated, Rifamycin.

Usage

Isoniazid/Rifampicin is used in the treatment of all forms of tuberculosis, a contagious disease primarily affecting the lungs. The combination of these two drugs is effective in killing the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.

Mechanism of Action

Isoniazid works by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. Rifampicin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing the transcription of RNA and subsequent protein synthesis.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Isoniazid/Rifampicin include nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. More serious side effects may include liver damage, peripheral neuropathy, and drug-induced hepatitis.

Related Terms

• Tuberculosis
• Isoniazid
• Rifampicin
• Antibiotics
• Drug-induced hepatitis
• Peripheral neuropathy

See Also

• List of antibiotics
• List of diseases
• List of medical terms

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Isoniazid/rifampicin
• Wikipedia's article - Isoniazid/rifampicin

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