Ischaemic stroke
Ischaemic Stroke
Ischaemic stroke (pronounced: /ɪˈskiːmɪk/ stroke) is a type of stroke that occurs when the supply of blood to the brain is restricted or reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die.
Etymology
The term "ischaemic" is derived from the Greek ischaimos, meaning "stopping blood", and "stroke" from the Old English strac, meaning "strike" or "blow".
Causes
Ischaemic strokes are typically caused by blockages (clots) in the blood vessels that supply the brain. These blockages can be the result of several conditions, including thrombosis, embolism, and systemic hypoperfusion.
Symptoms
Symptoms of an ischaemic stroke can include sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body, sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech, sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes, sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, or sudden severe headache with no known cause.
Treatment
Treatment for ischaemic stroke aims to restore adequate flow of blood to the brain. This is often achieved through the use of clot-busting drugs, such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and procedures to remove the clot, such as endovascular procedures.
Prevention
Prevention of ischaemic stroke involves managing key risk factors, including high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, high cholesterol, diabetes, and circulation problems. Lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, getting regular exercise, not smoking, limiting alcohol, and managing stress, can also help reduce the risk of ischaemic stroke.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ischaemic stroke
- Wikipedia's article - Ischaemic stroke
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