Inherited disorder
Inherited Disorder
An Inherited Disorder (pronunciation: /ɪnˈhɛrɪtɪd dɪsˈɔːdər/) is a type of Genetic Disorder that is passed down from parents to their offspring through their genes. The term is often used interchangeably with Genetic Disease and Hereditary Disease.
Etymology
The term "Inherited Disorder" is derived from the English words "inherit" and "disorder". "Inherit" comes from the Latin word "inhereditare" which means "to make heir", and "disorder" is derived from the Old French "desordre" which means "lack of order".
Definition
An Inherited Disorder is a medical condition caused by abnormalities in the individual's genome. These abnormalities can be as small as a single-base mutation in just one gene, or they can involve the addition or subtraction of entire chromosomes.
Types of Inherited Disorders
There are several types of Inherited Disorders, including:
- Single-gene Disorder: This type of disorder is caused by mutations in the DNA sequence of a single gene. Examples include Cystic Fibrosis, Sickle Cell Anemia, and Huntington's Disease.
- Chromosomal Disorder: This type of disorder is caused by changes in the number or structure of the chromosomes. Examples include Down Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, and Klinefelter Syndrome.
- Multifactorial Inheritance Disorder: This type of disorder is caused by a combination of environmental factors and mutations in multiple genes. Examples include Heart Disease, High Blood Pressure, and Alzheimer's Disease.
- Mitochondrial Disorder: This type of disorder is caused by mutations in the non-chromosomal DNA of mitochondria. Examples include Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy and Mitochondrial Myopathy.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Inherited disorder
- Wikipedia's article - Inherited disorder
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