Hypoglossal
Hypoglossal (pronunciation: /ˌhaɪpəˈɡlɒsəl/) is a term used in the field of Anatomy and Neurology. It is derived from the Greek words 'hypo' meaning 'under' and 'glossa' meaning 'tongue'.
Definition
The term 'Hypoglossal' primarily refers to the Hypoglossal nerve, which is the twelfth cranial nerve (XII). This nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the muscles of the tongue, contributing to the movements involved in speech, swallowing, and other oral functions.
Anatomy
The hypoglossal nerve originates in the medulla oblongata, a part of the brainstem. It travels through the hypoglossal canal, a small passage in the occipital bone of the skull, before it reaches the tongue.
Clinical Significance
Damage to the hypoglossal nerve can result in hypoglossal nerve palsy, a condition characterized by weakness or paralysis of the tongue muscles. This can lead to difficulties in speech (dysarthria) and swallowing (dysphagia).
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hypoglossal
- Wikipedia's article - Hypoglossal
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