Human being
Human being
A human being (pronunciation: /ˈhjuːmən biːɪŋ/) is a member of the species Homo sapiens, which means 'wise man' in Latin. Carolus Linnaeus put humans in the mammalian order of primates. Humans are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
Etymology
The term "human" is from the Latin humanus, the adjective form of homo, "man". The word "being" is from the Old English bēon, meaning "to be" or "to exist".
Anatomy
Human beings have a head, neck, trunk (which includes the thorax and abdomen), arms and hands, legs and feet. Every part of the body is composed of various types of cells, the fundamental unit of life.
- Head: The human head consists of the brain, a pair of eyes and ears, a nose and mouth, all of which help in various sensory functions, such as the ability to process thought, see, hear, smell, and taste.
- Neck: The neck supports the head and connects it to the rest of the body.
- Trunk: The trunk, or torso, houses many of the body's vital organs.
- Arms and Hands: Humans have two arms and hands, which are used for lifting and carrying items, among other functions.
- Legs and Feet: The two legs and feet support the body and facilitate locomotion.
Physiology
The human body consists of many interacting systems of organs. These interact to maintain homeostasis, keeping the body in a stable state with safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood.
- Nervous System: The nervous system controls both voluntary action (like conscious movement) and involuntary actions (like breathing), and sends signals to different parts of the body.
- Circulatory System: The circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, is responsible for the transport of blood throughout the body.
- Digestive System: The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair.
- Respiratory System: The respiratory system is involved in the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment.
Related Terms
- Homo Sapiens
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Nervous System
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Respiratory System
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Human being
- Wikipedia's article - Human being
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