Hippocampal formation
Hippocampal Formation
The Hippocampal Formation (pronunciation: /ˌhɪpəˈkæmpəl fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/) is a compound structure in the brain consisting of the hippocampus proper and its related structures. It plays a significant role in learning and memory processes.
Etymology
The term "Hippocampal Formation" is derived from the Greek word 'hippocampus', meaning 'seahorse', due to the similarity in shape of the hippocampus to a seahorse. The suffix '-al' is added to denote the relationship to the hippocampus, and 'formation' is used to indicate a complex structure.
Structure
The Hippocampal Formation is composed of several parts, including the dentate gyrus, the cornu ammonis, the subiculum, and the entorhinal cortex. These components work together to process information related to learning and memory.
Function
The primary function of the Hippocampal Formation is to process information related to learning and memory. It is particularly involved in the formation of new memories and the spatial memory that enables navigation.
Related Terms
- Hippocampus: A part of the brain that belongs to the limbic system and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation.
- Dentate Gyrus: A part of the hippocampal formation thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories, the spontaneous exploration of novel environments, and other functions.
- Cornu Ammonis: Also known as Ammon's horn, it is a part of the hippocampus that is involved in memory encoding and retrieval.
- Subiculum: The most inferior component of the hippocampal formation. It sends output from the hippocampus to other parts of the brain.
- Entorhinal Cortex: An area of the brain located in the medial temporal lobe and functioning as a hub in a widespread network for memory and navigation.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hippocampal formation
- Wikipedia's article - Hippocampal formation
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