Hemlock
Hemlock
Hemlock (/ˈhɛmlɒk/), from the Old English hemlic, is a term used to refer to several different plants, both poisonous and non-poisonous, that belong to the family Apiaceae. The term is most commonly associated with the poisonous plant species Conium maculatum, also known as Poison Hemlock.
Etymology
The term "hemlock" is derived from the Old English hemlic and the Proto-Germanic *haimalīkaz. The exact origin of the term is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the Old Norse heimla, meaning "to conceal". This may refer to the plant's ability to hide its poisonous nature.
Description
Hemlock plants are typically tall and have finely divided, feathery leaves. The flowers are small, white, and arranged in umbels. The most distinguishing feature of the hemlock plant is the purple or red blotches on the stem, particularly in the case of the Poison Hemlock.
Toxicity
Many species of hemlock are highly toxic and can be fatal if ingested. The Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum) is particularly notorious for its toxicity. The plant contains several poisonous compounds, including coniine and gamma-coniceine, which can cause respiratory failure and death.
Related Terms
- Conium maculatum: The scientific name for the Poison Hemlock.
- Apiaceae: The plant family to which hemlock belongs.
- Coniine: A poisonous alkaloid found in hemlock.
- Gamma-coniceine: Another poisonous compound found in hemlock.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hemlock
- Wikipedia's article - Hemlock
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