HIV-2
HIV-2
HIV-2 (pronounced: H-I-V-two), or Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2, is a retrovirus that is primarily found in West Africa, but has spread to other parts of the world. It is similar to HIV-1, but has some distinct differences.
Etymology
The term "HIV-2" is an abbreviation for "Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2". The name reflects the virus's effect on the immune system and its classification as the second type of HIV discovered.
Description
HIV-2 is a type of lentivirus, which is a subgroup of retroviruses. It causes HIV disease, which can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) if not treated. However, HIV-2 is less transmissible and progresses more slowly than HIV-1.
Transmission
HIV-2 can be transmitted through sexual contact, from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding, and through exposure to contaminated blood or blood products. The use of antiretroviral therapy can significantly reduce the risk of transmission.
Symptoms
The symptoms of HIV-2 infection are similar to those of HIV-1 and can include fever, fatigue, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy. However, these symptoms may take longer to appear in people infected with HIV-2.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of HIV-2 can be more challenging than HIV-1 due to the lower prevalence and different antibody response. Specific tests for HIV-2 are available and should be used in areas where HIV-2 is common or in individuals at high risk.
Treatment
Treatment for HIV-2 includes the use of antiretroviral therapy, similar to the treatment for HIV-1. However, not all drugs used to treat HIV-1 are effective against HIV-2.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on HIV-2
- Wikipedia's article - HIV-2
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