Globulins
Globulins
Globulins (/ɡlɒbjuːlɪnz/) are a group of proteins in the blood, produced by the liver and the immune system. They play an essential role in the body's immune response and in transporting substances such as hormones and metals.
Etymology
The term "globulin" is derived from the Latin word "globus," meaning "sphere," due to the spherical shape of the protein molecules when observed under a microscope.
Types of Globulins
There are four main types of globulins, classified according to their behavior in an electric field:
- Alpha Globulins - These are made in the liver and include haptoglobin, which binds free hemoglobin released from erythrocytes.
- Beta Globulins - These are also produced in the liver and include transferrin, which is responsible for transporting iron in the blood.
- Gamma Globulins - These are produced by plasma cells and include immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies.
- Delta Globulins - This is a less common type, and its functions are not well understood.
Related Terms
- Protein - A large molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific order.
- Liver - The largest gland in the body, responsible for many chemical actions beneficial to life.
- Immune System - The body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders.
- Hormones - Chemical substances that regulate specific processes in the body.
- Metals - Elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Globulins
- Wikipedia's article - Globulins
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