Geographic atrophy
Geographic Atrophy
Geographic Atrophy (jee-uh-graf-ik at-ruh-fee), also known as GA, is a form of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) that affects the retina and can lead to severe visual impairment or blindness. The term "geographic" refers to the round or oval patches of atrophy that appear like a map on the retina.
Etymology
The term "Geographic Atrophy" is derived from the Greek words "geographia" meaning "earth description" and "atrophia" meaning "wasting away". This is due to the characteristic appearance of the atrophic areas in the retina, which resemble a geographic map.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of Geographic Atrophy is a gradual, but progressive loss of central vision. This is due to the atrophy of the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision.
Causes
The exact cause of Geographic Atrophy is unknown, but it is believed to be associated with the aging process and the cumulative effect of oxidative stress on the retinal cells. Other risk factors include smoking, high blood pressure, and a family history of AMD.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Geographic Atrophy is typically made through a comprehensive eye examination, including a dilated eye exam and imaging tests such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF).
Treatment
Currently, there is no cure for Geographic Atrophy. Treatment focuses on slowing the progression of the disease and managing symptoms. This may include the use of low vision aids, lifestyle modifications, and participation in clinical trials for new treatments.
Related Terms
- Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
- Retina
- Visual Impairment
- Blindness
- Macula
- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
- Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF)
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Geographic atrophy
- Wikipedia's article - Geographic atrophy
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