Gastric outlet obstruction
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Gastric outlet obstruction (pronunciation: gas-trik out-let ob-struk-shun) is a medical condition where the opening between the stomach and the small intestine is blocked either partially or completely. This obstruction prevents food and fluids from passing through the digestive tract, leading to severe vomiting and discomfort.
Etymology
The term "gastric" is derived from the Greek word "gaster," meaning stomach. "Outlet" refers to the exit or passage, and "obstruction" comes from the Latin word "obstructionem," meaning a blockage or barrier.
Causes
Gastric outlet obstruction can be caused by various conditions, including peptic ulcer disease, gastric polyps, gastric cancer, and gastroenteritis. In children, it can be caused by congenital pyloric stenosis, a condition where the muscle between the stomach and the small intestine is abnormally thick.
Symptoms
The symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction include persistent vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, and dehydration. In severe cases, it can lead to malnutrition and electrolyte imbalance.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as endoscopy or abdominal ultrasound.
Treatment
Treatment for gastric outlet obstruction depends on the underlying cause. It may involve medication to reduce stomach acid, endoscopic therapy to widen the outlet, or surgery to remove the obstruction.
Related Terms
- Gastroenterology: The branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders.
- Pylorus: The opening from the stomach into the duodenum.
- Duodenum: The first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gastric outlet obstruction
- Wikipedia's article - Gastric outlet obstruction
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