Gastric emptying
Gastric Emptying
Gastric emptying (/ɡæstrɪk ˈɛmptiɪŋ/) is the process by which the stomach releases its contents into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. This process is regulated by both the stomach and the small intestine.
Etymology
The term "gastric" is derived from the Greek word "gaster" meaning stomach, and "emptying" is from the Old English "ǣmtian", meaning to clear out.
Process
Gastric emptying is primarily controlled by the vagus nerve and various hormones, including gastrin, cholecystokinin, and secretin. The process begins when food enters the stomach, triggering the release of gastrin. This hormone stimulates the stomach to produce acid and enzymes that begin the process of digestion.
The rate of gastric emptying is influenced by the volume, temperature, and composition of the gastric contents. Fatty foods, for example, tend to slow down the process, while carbohydrates are emptied more quickly.
Related Terms
- Gastric emptying study: A test that measures the speed with which food leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine.
- Gastroparesis: A condition in which the muscles in the stomach wall don't function properly, slowing down or stopping the process of gastric emptying.
- Gastrin: A hormone that stimulates the production of gastric acid.
- Cholecystokinin: A hormone that slows down gastric emptying and stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas.
- Secretin: A hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach and pancreas.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gastric emptying
- Wikipedia's article - Gastric emptying
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