Flavin-containing monooxygenase
Flavin-containing monooxygenase (pronunciation: /ˈfleɪvɪn kənˈteɪnɪŋ ˌmɒnəʊˈɒksɪˌneɪz/), often abbreviated as FMO, is a family of enzymes that are important in the metabolism of a wide variety of xenobiotics such as drugs, pesticides, and dietary compounds.
Etymology
The term "flavin" comes from the Latin word flavus, meaning "yellow", due to the yellow color of the riboflavin molecule, which is a key component of FMOs. The term "monooxygenase" refers to the type of reaction these enzymes catalyze, which involves the incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the substrate molecule.
Function
FMOs are primarily located in the liver, where they play a crucial role in the detoxification of foreign substances. They do this by adding an oxygen atom to the substance, making it more soluble in water and easier for the body to eliminate. FMOs are also found in other tissues, including the lungs, kidneys, and brain.
Related Terms
- Xenobiotic: A foreign substance, such as a drug or pesticide, that is not naturally produced by the organism.
- Enzyme: A protein that catalyzes a specific biochemical reaction.
- Metabolism: The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
- Liver: A large, lobed organ that plays a major role in metabolism and detoxification.
- Riboflavin: A vitamin that is a component of FMOs and other enzymes.
See Also
- Cytochrome P450: Another family of enzymes involved in drug metabolism.
- Pharmacogenetics: The study of how genetic differences affect an individual's response to drugs.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Flavin-containing monooxygenase
- Wikipedia's article - Flavin-containing monooxygenase
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