Feedback loop

Feedback Loop

A Feedback Loop (pronounced: /ˈfiːdbæk luːp/) is a process in which the outputs of a system are circled back and used as inputs. This term is widely used in various fields such as Biology, Medicine, Computer Science, and Engineering.

Etymology

The term "Feedback Loop" is derived from the concept of 'feedback' which means the return of a portion of the output of a process or system to the input, especially when used to maintain the output within a predetermined range, and 'loop' which refers to the circular nature of the process.

In Medicine

In the field of Medicine, feedback loops play a crucial role in the human body's homeostatic control mechanisms. These mechanisms maintain the stability of the body's internal environment in response to fluctuations in external conditions. For example, the endocrine system uses feedback loops to regulate the body's hormone levels.

Negative Feedback Loop

A Negative Feedback Loop is a type of feedback loop where the system responds in such a way as to reverse the direction of change. This tends to keep the system at equilibrium. In medicine, this is seen in the regulation of blood glucose levels. When glucose levels rise in the blood, the pancreas secretes insulin to promote the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby reducing blood glucose levels.

Positive Feedback Loop

A Positive Feedback Loop is a feedback loop in which the system responds in the same direction as the change. This amplifies the effects of the change and moves the system away from its original state. An example in medicine is the process of childbirth. During labor, the release of the hormone oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, which in turn triggers more release of oxytocin, leading to stronger contractions.

Related Terms

• Homeostasis
• Endocrine System
• Negative Feedback Loop
• Positive Feedback Loop

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Feedback loop
• Wikipedia's article - Feedback loop

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