Endopolyploidy
Endopolyploidy
Endopolyploidy (pronunciation: /ˌɛndoʊˌpɒlɪˈplɔɪdi/) is a condition in which a cell has more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. It is a type of Polyploidy, a common phenomenon in the plant kingdom and certain animal species.
Etymology
The term "Endopolyploidy" is derived from the Greek words "endo" meaning inside, and "poly" meaning many, and "ploidy" which refers to the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell.
Definition
Endopolyploidy is a state of cells where they possess multiple sets of chromosomes beyond the diploid state. This condition is common in many types of plants and some animals, where it is thought to contribute to the diversity and adaptability of these organisms.
Process
Endopolyploidy occurs through a process known as Endoreduplication, where the cell duplicates its DNA but does not undergo mitosis or cytokinesis. This results in a cell with multiple copies of its genome, all contained within a single nucleus.
Significance
Endopolyploidy plays a significant role in the development and differentiation of cells in both plants and animals. It is associated with increased cell size, and can contribute to the morphological diversity seen in many species. In addition, endopolyploidy can also play a role in cancer, as many cancer cells are polyploid.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Endopolyploidy
- Wikipedia's article - Endopolyploidy
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