Ebola '76
Ebola '76
Ebola '76 (pronounced /ɛˈboʊlə/), also known as Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission. The average EVD case fatality rate is around 50%.
Etymology
The name "Ebola" comes from the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the virus was first identified in 1976. The '76 in the name refers to the year of the first recorded outbreak.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Ebola '76 include sudden onset of fever, intense weakness, muscle pain, headache, and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding.
Transmission
Ebola '76 is introduced into the human population through close contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected animals. In Africa, infection has been documented through the handling of infected chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit bats, monkeys, forest antelope and porcupines found ill or dead in the rainforest.
Prevention and Control
Prevention includes reducing the risk of wildlife-to-human transmission and human-to-human transmission. Control measures include rapid and appropriate patient care, safe burials, and community engagement.
Treatment
Supportive care-rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids- and treatment of specific symptoms, improves survival. There is as yet no licensed treatment proven to neutralize the virus but a range of blood, immunological and drug therapies are under development.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ebola '76
- Wikipedia's article - Ebola '76
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