Desmosomes
Desmosomes
Desmosomes (/dɛzˈmoʊsoʊmz/; from Greek δεσμός, desmos, "bond"; and σῶμα, soma, "body") are specialized cell structures that provide connections between individual cells. They are a type of cell junction that are particularly important in maintaining the structural integrity of tissues.
Etymology
The term "desmosome" is derived from the Greek words "desmos" which means "bond" and "soma" which means "body". This reflects the function of desmosomes as structures that bond cells together.
Structure
Desmosomes are composed of proteins that anchor the structure in the cell membrane. These proteins include cadherins, which form the actual connection between cells, and plakins, which help to anchor the cadherins in place. The interior of the desmosome is also filled with dense plaque, which provides additional structural support.
Function
The primary function of desmosomes is to provide strong adhesion between cells, preventing them from being pulled apart. This is particularly important in tissues that experience a lot of mechanical stress, such as the skin and heart muscle. Desmosomes also play a role in cell signaling, helping to coordinate the activities of the cells they connect.
Related Terms
- Cell junction: A type of structure that exists within the tissue of some multicellular organisms. It consists of direct contact between cell membranes that provides a means of communication.
- Cadherins: A type of protein found in the cell membrane that plays a key role in cell adhesion.
- Plakins: A family of proteins that are involved in linking cadherins to other structures within the cell.
- Plaque: A dense, flat, often round structure within a cell or on its surface.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Desmosomes
- Wikipedia's article - Desmosomes
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