Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition (pronunciation: /dɪˈmɒɡrəfɪk trænˈsɪʃən/) is a theory in Demography that explains the progression of a society from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as it develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
Etymology
The term "Demographic Transition" is derived from the Greek word "dēmos" meaning "people" and the Latin word "transitio" meaning "going across". It was first used in the mid-20th century by demographer Frank W. Notestein to describe the demographic phenomenon observed in Western Europe.
Stages of Demographic Transition
The Demographic Transition model is divided into four stages:
- Pre-industrial stage: Both birth rates and death rates are high, resulting in a stable population.
- Urbanization and Industrialization stage: Death rates start to fall, while birth rates remain high, leading to a population explosion.
- Mature Industrial stage: Birth rates start to fall, slowing population growth.
- Post-industrial stage: Both birth rates and death rates are low, leading to a stable or slowly growing population.
Related Terms
- Birth rate: The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a year.
- Death rate: The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a year.
- Population growth: The increase in the number of individuals in a population.
- Industrialization: The process by which an economy is transformed from primarily agricultural to one based on the manufacturing of goods.
- Urbanization: The process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Demographic Transition
- Wikipedia's article - Demographic Transition
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